引用
做學術、做媽媽:學術媽媽的建制困境、協商策略與智性母職
Doing Academics, Doing Mothering: Institutional Challenges, Negotiation Strategies, and Intellectual Mothering
作者:林昱瑄(Yu-Hsuan Lin) | 首次發表於 2020-05-01 | 第 66 期 December 2019
DOI:https://dx.doi.org/10.6786/TJS.201912_(66).0004
研究論文(Research Articles)
論文資訊 | Article information
摘要 Abstract
隨著大學重組加遽與密集母職意識型態盛行,學術媽媽在專業工作與家庭責任上面臨更嚴峻的挑戰,然而新世代學術媽媽的處境鮮少受到關注,相關研究也很少採用整合取徑,同時檢視她們從事專業工作與當媽媽的經驗實作。因此,我們很難知道學術媽媽的真實處境為何?她們如何與不同的社會期待協商?在協商過程,哪些因素影響她們能動性的發揮?為回答以上問題,本研究採質性研究方法,訪談十九位育有子女的大學女性教師,具體呈現這些置身於新大學情境下的學術媽媽跨域(家庭/工作)、跨時(日/夜)的肉身化經驗。研究發現資歷職等、學校類型、組織文化、家庭性別關係與物質條件,以及進入職場時間點,均是影響其處境優劣的關鍵因素,若同時具備多種不利因素,學術工作的(時/地)彈性,反而會讓她們的處境更加惡化。然而,學術媽媽發展出三種協商策略回應建制困境:(一)強化身心自我管理技術;(二)透過學術工作的聲望和學術資本轉化母職實作;(三)反芻育兒經驗滋養學術工作。最後,研究發現有半數受訪者同時採用第(二)種和第(三)種協商策略,筆者將此種雙向整合的狀態命名為「智性母職」,用以描述學術智性工作和母職間存在相互辨證、持續對話的關係,在協商過程中可能會讓兩者產生質變,促成更具轉化性意涵的實踐。本研究的獨特貢獻在於採用少見的整合取徑,提供臺灣在地學術媽媽的經驗性資料,並對促成學術媽媽整合的文化、物質與結構性條件提出解釋,同時凸顯本地有別於西方研究的特殊社會、文化脈絡。

 
關鍵詞:學術媽媽、密集母職、學術工作、家庭—工作平衡、整合取徑
 
Structural transformations in higher education and the popularization of intensive mothering practices are challenging the efforts of academic mothers to achieve work/life balances. Most studies deemphasize how these mothers negotiate social constraints to reconstructing their maternal and professional identities. Data from interviews with 19 academic mothers are used to examine conflicting gendered roles involving work demands and family expectations. Features of three negotiation strategies are analyzed: body/mind management that supports performance and avoids overwork, the use of academic capital to reframe cultural ideals of motherhood, and the appropriation of mothering knowledge in support of innovative research energy. The latter two characterize what I call intellectual mothering. This study challenges the dual presumptions of the “family-work balance model,” which overlooks the interplay between academic work and family life. Instead, it emphasizes the structural conditioning that encourages family/work integration by academic mothers in an East Asian context.

Keywords: academic motherhood, intensive mothering, academic work, family-work balance, family/work integration