引用
The Role of Schooling in Taiwan's Labor Market: Human Capital, Screening, or Credentialism?The Role of Schooling in Taiwan's Labor Market: Human Capital, Screening, or Credentialism?
學校教育在臺灣勞動市場中扮演的角色：人力資本，篩選機制，或文憑主義？
作者：劉正（Jeng Liu) 、Arthur Sakamoto | 首次發表於 2020-07-04 | 第 29 期 December 2002
DOI：https://dx.doi.org/10.6786/TJS.200212.0001
研究論文（Research Articles）
DOI：https://dx.doi.org/10.6786/TJS.200212.0001
研究論文（Research Articles）
論文資訊 | Article information
摘要 Abstract
個人的教育與其社會經濟成就之間有密切的關係。然而，這種關係係源自於其人力資本的增加與生產能力的提升？勞動市場之篩選？或僅是文憑主義的作用？則為有關社會階層化研究的普遍爭議。雖然，這三種說法對教育與社會經濟地位的關聯性所提出之理由各有不同，但卻未見學界有系統的比較各理論之適用性，也不曾對此等理論進行過決斷性的驗証。我們經由分析各種代表學校教育的量化指標對經濟生產力產生的影響效果，試圖釐清學校教育在勞動市場中所扮演的角色。實際操作上，本文使用了近二十年來的台灣人力運用調查資料及各相關的官方統計報告，以產業別為單位，分析了製造業勞工之教育成就與其平均生產力的關係。部分結果呈現出台灣勞動市場篩選的事實，但對人力資本理論的支持程度則更為明顯。
關鍵字：人力資本、篩選標準、文憑主義、勞動生產力
關鍵字：人力資本、篩選標準、文憑主義、勞動生產力
A classic issue in social stratification is whether the correlation between an individual's education and his or her socioeconomic attainment is derived from increased productivity(ie, human capital),labor market screening or simply from his or her credentials (credentialism). All three theories predict an association between education and socioeconomic status, but they differ with regard to the precise underlying causes of such a relation ship. While previous research has largely avoided the challenge of empirically testing these three competing explanations, here we provide some relevant findings to tackle this research dilemma. More specifically, we investigate the effects of different measures of schooling on productivity so as to provide systematic evidence that is pertinent to distinguishing between the different perspectives in an empirical manner. The results of our analysis of recent data on productivity and schooling in Taiwanese manufacturing industries clearly support t he view of education as productive human capital and provide limited backing for the notion of a mechanism for labor market screening. Since these results only pertain to the manufacturing sector, they cannot be used to generalize about the entire economy. Nonetheless, we conclude that our findings demonstrate that this difficult research problem can indeed be empirically investigated and that, in the future, researchers should consider revisiting the challenge of understanding the nature of the various effects of education on social stratification.
Keywords: human capital, screening, credentialism, labor productivity
Keywords: human capital, screening, credentialism, labor productivity
